Road Map to 5G
o
The discussion on
fifth generation mobile communication (5G) began around 2012. Before this we
should aware about the older generation of mobile communication. The 1st
generation of mobile communication which was emerged around 1980 and it was
based on Analogue transmission (AMPS,NMT,TACS ). This is
limited to voice services.
o
Digital transmission comes in play and the
second Generation (2G ) mobile communication emerged in 1990s . ( GSM, D- AMPS,PDC, CDMA-IS 95 ).Although the
target service was still voice, the digital communication also allowed second
generation to use limited Data services .
o
The third generation
mobile communication (3G) was introduced in the early 2000s . This was a true step
to high quality mobile broadband.
o
We are using fourth
generation (4G) globally from 2010 onwards. It offers high speed in
mobile broad band and much faster and have low latency when compared to its
predecessors.
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Mobile Communication |
But the
5th generation mobile communications (5G) have
much more extended use cases and it is going to be the catalyst for the 4th
industrial revolution (INDUSTRY 4.0). South
Korea, United States ,China & Japan are the countries which lead the race for 5G
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| 5G Phase1 & Phase2 Release-IMT-2000 |
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Video:
What is 5G??
Unlike its predecessor 5G is not only deals with Mobile Broadband but
also with 2 more use cases which are depicted below.
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| IMT-2020 Use Cases |
I.
eMBB
( enhanced Mobile Broadband):
As we discussed earlier,The mobile broadband started with 3G which is further elaborated in 4G.The demand is enormously increased and new applications are emerging, setting new requirements called enhanced Mobile Broadband scenario.User experienced data rate, peak data rate, area traffic capacity, mobility, energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency all have high importance in this use case.The eMBBs scenarios in general seen as addressing Human-centric communication.
( enhanced Mobile Broadband):
As we discussed earlier,The mobile broadband started with 3G which is further elaborated in 4G.The demand is enormously increased and new applications are emerging, setting new requirements called enhanced Mobile Broadband scenario.User experienced data rate, peak data rate, area traffic capacity, mobility, energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency all have high importance in this use case.The eMBBs scenarios in general seen as addressing Human-centric communication.
II.
mMTC
( massive Machine Type Communication):
( massive Machine Type Communication):
This is a pure machine centric use case, with a large number of connected devices that typically required low data volume. This is not delay sensitive.High connection density is needed to support tremendous number of devices in the network. A low cost device with long operational lifetime is vital for this usage scenario.
Eg: Smart City, Smart Home/Building
III.
uRLLC
(Ultra Reliable and Low latency Communication )
(Ultra Reliable and Low latency Communication )
This scenario is intended to cover both Human & Machine centric communication. This use case is characterized with stringent requirements for Latency, Reliability and high availability.
Eg: Vehicle to vehicle communication, Wireless Control of Industrial equipment, Remote Medical surgery. An example for human centric Use case is 3D gaming where low latency is also combined with high data rate.
Eg: Vehicle to vehicle communication, Wireless Control of Industrial equipment, Remote Medical surgery. An example for human centric Use case is 3D gaming where low latency is also combined with high data rate.
The 5G having a Sliced
Architecture, each section deals with one of the 3 use cases mentioned above.
Some use cases required High Data rate , but some required Low latency
and some demands only massive device connectivity with low Data rate.
There are 8 Key performance Indicators which are derived from this
3 use cases. IMT-2020 is the new ITU-R recommendation for 5G, containing the
Radio Interface Technologies (RITs), planned to be developed in 2019-20.
- Network Energy Efficiency
- Area Traffic Capacity
- Peak Data Rate
- User experienced data Rate
- Spectrum Efficiency
- Mobility
- Latency
- Connection Density
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| 5G -IMT-2020 KPI |
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| Relation between 3 Use cases & KPI |
Why we Require 5G & How 5G will change the world ?
o The world’s most valuable
resource is no longer oil , but Data. The amount of data carried over a network were in 100 Tera byte which is now
changed to several thousand of Tera byte and going to touch 1Lakh Tera byte. Also
this data need to be taken to the various application server and need to be
processed, analysed and action need to be taken within short span of time ( we
will call it as Latency). The 4G network is not sufficient to handle this. We
required a new technology which can handle the infinite amount of data with a
minimum Latency. The technology which can fulfil this requirement is 5G.
o 5G moves the mobile communication from
connecting people to people to connecting
people to everything. All the things in the world will be connected to
the internet. By 2022 it is anticipated that there will be more than half a
billion 5G subscription, with a global population coverage of 15%. Mobile
broadband continues to grow strongly. Estimated that more than 1 million new
mobile broadband subscribers will be added every day upto the end of 2022.
o All the industries
(Automobile,Manufacturing,Healthcare,supply chain, emergency services etc.) are
already started to make the necessary changes to accept the 4th
industrial revolution
Where we are now on 5G?
In INDIA it is anticipated that the 5G spectrum launch will happen immediately after 2019-election. This was with a vision that all consumers and industries in India should get the benefit of the 5G like any other developed countries. As per the latest news it is postponed to end of 2019.Need to buck up to create an Ecosystem for 5G and the 4th industrial revolution.As per the latest news all the top 3 operators are planned to stay away from the auction due to the huge cost involved to get 5G spectrum. This will further delay the 5G commercialization.
o Mobile operators in South Korea were
the first to launch 5G services on the global stage, beginning in
April. 3 operators, SKT, KT & LG
Uplus started their 5G services in
main cities like Seol. Samsung says , it had delivered more than 53000 base
stations to all the 3 operators . Huawei
and Ericsson are also working with the country’s top operators as they expand
services.
o In US AT & T , Sprint, Verizon, T-Mobile
launches their 5G services in top 30 cities . All the operators except Sprint used millimetre wave technology to
launch 5G. Galaxy S10 ,LG V50, 5G,Moto Z4 & Z3, HTC 5G are the various
devices that support 5G. AT & T, Verizon & Sprint named Ericsson, Nokia & Samsung as its 5G
equipment vendor. T-mobile has been selected
Ericson & Nokia as it 5G technology partner.
o In China,
China Unicom & China mobile are the 2 operators working to launch 5G networks by the end of
2019.
o In Japan, DoCoMo, KDDI, Softbank are the 3 operators
which are in race for 5G. Expected a commercial launch by 2020
In INDIA it is anticipated that the 5G spectrum launch will happen immediately after 2019-election. This was with a vision that all consumers and industries in India should get the benefit of the 5G like any other developed countries. As per the latest news it is postponed to end of 2019.Need to buck up to create an Ecosystem for 5G and the 4th industrial revolution.As per the latest news all the top 3 operators are planned to stay away from the auction due to the huge cost involved to get 5G spectrum. This will further delay the 5G commercialization.
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Thanks
Aneesh.M
Aneesh.M
